Bronze sculpture : The art of bronze sculpture in the Shang and Zhou dynasties was largely cast by the Tao Fan method. The descendants did not know this method. The pseudo-person can only be cast by wax mold (lost wax). Because the person who made the fake at that time only studied the shape of the hand, and did not know the method of casting the ancients. Therefore, whether the special bronze is cast by the Tao Fan method is an important method for determining the authenticity of the bronze. There is a necessary condition here, which is to have a clear understanding of the whole process of the Shang and Zhou bronze casting methods.
The casting method of the posterior generation of the pseudo-apparatus is completely different from that of the ancient pottery method, so the casting phenomenon exhibited by the pseudo-apparatus is also different. Investigate whether the main method of casting bronzes with Tao Fanfa is to see if there is a trace of the bronzes in the bronzes. It is because there is a "line", and it is to see if there should be a trace of the conjunction. In the Shang and Zhou dynasties, any bronze container, its block-shaped traces have certain standards, and with the advance of the age, the method of conformity will be changed, and any piece of bronze cast in a piece of Fan wants to The flattening of the local is not revealing, even the most skilled master, it is inevitable to be seamless. Some of the ornamentation is not much, the surface layer of mutual help is larger, and the traces of the standard are simple, but in the hidden places, such as the inside of the ear and the lower part of the abdomen, there will be traces. However, the bronzes forged by the wax mold method are more precise in appearance, and even a few can reach the same effect as the casting of the ceramic method. The lost wax method can cast a variety of original and specially decorated devices, no need to do more processing, but with this method, the pre-forged bronzes have no traces. In the later stage, the wax loss method was to apply a wax sheet on the mold. The wax sheets were not seamed, and the traces appeared after being cast, and even the people mistakenly thought of the fan line. The method of waxing is to mold the mold first, and a layer of wax is placed on the mold. The storage is the thickness of the bronze to be cast. The wax is engraved and finished. The wax can also be stamped and pasted, and then layer by layer. Applying fine mud, in the joint of the wax pieces, small streaks that are not joined or misplaced will occur, and the condition on the bronze is trapped. The new casting device is generally heavier than the original device. This is usually the case that the pseudo-apparatus or imitation is buried underground for more than 2,000 years and is different through long-term civilized corrosion.
Through thousands of years of slow-corrosion of bronzes, due to the amount of oxygen, the appearance is slightly enlarged, the proportion is reduced, and the pseudo-castings do not have this process, it is heavier. On the other hand, the wax molds of the pseudo-apparatus are slightly thicker than the original ones, and the originals are often not seen by the counterfeiters. Therefore, the formation of the wax tires is not as thin as the original wall. This is a congenital problem, so it is false. The caster is generally thicker than the original, and the above two elements are superimposed, and the counterfeit is obviously heavier than the original.
The pseudo-devices are newly cast. After the slamming, the sound is loud and bright, just like the new copper. However, the copper is already mineralized by the deeper corrosion of the bronze in the underground, so the pronunciation is mostly polluted. Of course, bronzes buried in extremely dry and earthy soils have a good knocking sound.
The bronzes cast by the ancient block van have good appearance and fineness, and the ornamentation is even discernible. There are few temperature holes on the surface, and there is less copper perfusion. The artifacts of lost wax and sand casting often show some blisters on the outside, and some even have shrinkage holes and other casting defects. If you don't understand this, you may be mistaken to think that the sand holes and shrinkage holes are the characteristics of old casting.
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